test(e2e): cover signed BIP-32 wallet flows

2026-10-26 01:49:58 +00:00 · 2026-09-05 15:22:02 +02:00
parent 5d6e092ae4
commit 1beb474012
10 changed files with 777 additions and 310 deletions
@@ -1,13 +1,26 @@
 import type { Page, Route } from '@playwright/test';
+import { hashK1, noteSignatureDigestForHash } from 'lnurlcash-kit';
+import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1.js';
+import { bytesToHex, hexToBytes } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';
+import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha2.js';
+import { utf8ToBytes } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';

 // The mock mint lives on a .test origin that never resolves - every request
 // to it is intercepted by Playwright and fulfilled in-process, so the specs
 // never touch the network. Protocol shapes mirror lnurlcash-kit's client:
 // the informational GET on the note URL (fetchNoteInfo) expects an LUD-03
 // withdrawRequest echoing the queried k1, or the LNURL ERROR envelope; the
-// rotation GET on the callback (rotateNote) expects {status: "OK"}. The same
-// callback shape also answers a melt (meltNote sends k1 + pr to the same
-// callback and only requires status "OK").
+// mutating GET on the callback (rotate/split/merge/melt) expects
+// {status: "OK"} plus the LUD-25 signature(s) over every minted output -
+// the app forces the kit's requireSignatures policy, so an unsigned
+// mutation answer is not a success the wallet accepts quietly.
+//
+// Signing: each origin has a stable secp256k1 signing key derived from its
+// origin string, so a spec can pin the advertised mintPubkey via
+// signingPubkey(origin). `invalidSignatures = true` signs every output with
+// a foreign key instead - the notes are real mint-side, but the offline
+// proof verifies against no key the mint advertises, which is exactly the
+// "landed but unverifiable" case the wallet must refuse to mark spendable.
 //
 // Every method takes an optional origin, so a spec can stand up a SECOND
 // mint (e.g. MINT2_ORIGIN) for inter-mint transfers.
@@ -29,13 +42,28 @@ const fulfillJson = async (route: Route, body: unknown): Promise<void> => {
  });
 };

+// deterministic per-origin signing keys: the mock mints are stable across
+// tests, and the key derivation needs nothing but the origin string
+const signingKeyFor = (origin: string): Uint8Array =>
+  sha256(utf8ToBytes(`sattle-e2e mint signing key: ${origin}`));
+
+// the key every output is signed with in invalid-signature mode: a real
+// secp256k1 key, just never advertised by any mock mint
+const FOREIGN_SIGNING_KEY = sha256(utf8ToBytes('sattle-e2e foreign signing key'));
+
+// a melt's settle proof reveals a payment receipt - derived from the paid
+// invoice so it is stable per payment and never collides with a note secret
+const preimageFor = (pr: string): string => bytesToHex(sha256(utf8ToBytes(`preimage: ${pr}`)));
+
 interface MockNoteInfoOptions {
  // note value in msat, reported as maxWithdrawable
  amountMsat?: number;
  // when set, the mint answers the ERROR envelope with this reason instead
  // (a reason matching /spent/i surfaces the "already been spent" UI)
  spentReason?: string;
-  // the mint's signing pubkey, advertised as mintPubkey in responses
+  // the mint's signing pubkey, advertised as mintPubkey in responses -
+  // defaults to the mock origin's real signing key (kit 0.8 refuses a
+  // withdrawRequest that publishes none, so every mock mint has one)
  mintPubkey?: string;
 }

@@ -43,14 +71,14 @@ interface MockTargetMintOptions {
  // the mint's signing pubkey (66 hex chars), advertised on the mint-address
  // (/.well-known/lnurlw/) and note-info responses - NEVER the payRequest:
  // LUD-25 announces it on the withdraw side only, and a too-generous mock
-  // once masked a real bug
-  mintPubkey: string;
+  // once masked a real bug. Defaults to the origin's real signing key.
+  mintPubkey?: string;
  // the invoice this mint hands out (and reports back as settled) - keep it
  // amount-less (decodeBolt11AmountMsat returns null) so the kit skips the
  // amount cross-check
  invoice: string;
-  // the payment preimage a settled verify reveals - 64 hex chars (it IS the
-  // claimed note's secret)
+  // the payment preimage a settled verify reveals - a receipt distinct from
+  // the wallet-chosen secret committed in the invoice comment
  preimage: string;
  // value of the note a claim mints, in msat
  noteAmountMsat: number;
@@ -62,10 +90,69 @@ interface MockTargetMintOptions {
 export class MintMocker {
  constructor(private page: Page) {}

+  // when true, every minted output is signed with a foreign key: the
+  // mutation lands mint-side, but the signature verifies against no key
+  // this mint advertises - the wallet must keep the outputs unverified
+  invalidSignatures = false;
+
+  // every signature this mock issued, in order - lets a spec assert the
+  // mint actually signed (the kit's requireSignatures policy makes an
+  // unsigned success impossible to confuse with a signed one)
+  readonly signaturesIssued: { origin: string; h: string; amountMsat: number }[] = [];
+
+  // the mint's advertised signing pubkey for an origin (compressed, hex)
+  signingPubkey(origin = MINT_ORIGIN): string {
+    return bytesToHex(secp256k1.getPublicKey(signingKeyFor(origin), true));
+  }
+
+  // note id (sha256 of the secret) -> outstanding value in msat, per origin.
+  // A real mint keys its ledger by the hash; the mock does the same so a
+  // mutation can sign the output with the amount the inputs actually held.
+  private readonly outstanding = new Map<string, number>();
+  private readonly burned = new Set<string>();
+  // invoices this mint reports as settled on its verify endpoint, per origin
+  private readonly settledInvoices = new Map<string, string[]>();
+
+  private noteKey(origin: string, noteId: string): string {
+    return `${origin}|${noteId}`;
+  }
+
+  private sign(origin: string, h: string, amountMsat: number): string {
+    const key = this.invalidSignatures ? FOREIGN_SIGNING_KEY : signingKeyFor(origin);
+    // noble's 'recovered' layout is [recovery, r, s]; the wire layout is
+    // r || s || recovery (the kit accepts either, the trailing layout is
+    // what lnurl-mint emits)
+    const signature = secp256k1.sign(noteSignatureDigestForHash(h, amountMsat), key, {
+      format: 'recovered',
+      prehash: false,
+    });
+    this.signaturesIssued.push({ origin, h, amountMsat });
+    return bytesToHex(new Uint8Array([...signature.subarray(1), signature[0]]));
+  }
+
+  // mint outputs at the given hashes, burning the inputs - the ledger
+  // transition every successful mutation makes
+  private remint(
+    origin: string,
+    inputIds: string[],
+    outputs: [h: string, amountMsat: number][],
+  ): void {
+    for (const id of inputIds) {
+      this.outstanding.delete(this.noteKey(origin, id));
+      this.burned.add(this.noteKey(origin, id));
+    }
+    for (const [h, amountMsat] of outputs) {
+      this.outstanding.set(this.noteKey(origin, h), amountMsat);
+    }
+  }
+
  // The note's informational GET: a spec-shaped withdrawRequest, or the
-  // ERROR envelope for a note the mint considers spent. The kit validates
-  // that the service echoes back the queried k1, so read it off the request.
+  // ERROR envelope for a note the mint considers spent or never issued. The
+  // kit validates that the service echoes back the queried k1, so read it
+  // off the request. A first-seen k1 registers at the configured amount -
+  // the mock's way of "issuing" the note a spec hands to the wallet.
  async mockNoteInfo(options: MockNoteInfoOptions, origin = MINT_ORIGIN): Promise<void> {
+    const mintPubkey = options.mintPubkey ?? this.signingPubkey(origin);
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(origin + NOTE_PATH)}\\?`),
      async (route: Route) => {
@@ -74,27 +161,147 @@ export class MintMocker {
          return;
        }
        const k1 = new URL(route.request().url()).searchParams.get('k1') ?? '';
+        if (!/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/i.test(k1)) {
+          // a by-hash lookup (h=) or a malformed k1 - this mock answers
+          // secret-keyed info only
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note not found' });
+          return;
+        }
+        const id = this.noteKey(origin, hashK1(k1));
+        if (this.burned.has(id)) {
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note is spent' });
+          return;
+        }
+        if (!this.outstanding.has(id)) {
+          this.outstanding.set(id, options.amountMsat ?? 0);
+        }
+        const amountMsat = this.outstanding.get(id) ?? 0;
        await fulfillJson(route, {
          tag: 'withdrawRequest',
          callback: `${origin}${CALLBACK_PATH}`,
          k1,
-          minWithdrawable: options.amountMsat ?? 0,
-          maxWithdrawable: options.amountMsat ?? 0,
+          minWithdrawable: amountMsat,
+          maxWithdrawable: amountMsat,
          defaultDescription: 'mock mint note',
-          ...(options.mintPubkey ? { mintPubkey: options.mintPubkey } : {}),
+          mintPubkey,
        });
      },
    );
  }

-  // The mutating callback GET: rotate (k1 + h params) and melt (k1 + pr
-  // params) both expect a plain {status: "OK"} confirmation. No sig is
-  // returned - a plain LUD-03-style service that does not sign notes.
-  async mockRotateOk(origin = MINT_ORIGIN): Promise<void> {
+  // The settle proof a melt's verify URL serves: settled once the melt
+  // landed, carrying the paid invoice and its preimage receipt.
+  private async mockVerify(origin: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.page.route(
+      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(`${origin}/verify`)}`),
+      async (route: Route) => {
+        const pr = new URL(route.request().url()).searchParams.get('pr') ?? '';
+        const settled = (this.settledInvoices.get(origin) ?? []).includes(pr);
+        await fulfillJson(route, {
+          settled,
+          ...(settled ? { preimage: preimageFor(pr) } : {}),
+          pr,
+        });
+      },
+    );
+  }
+
+  // The mutating callback GET, signed per LUD-25:
+  // - melt (k1 + pr): burns the input, answers OK with a settle-proof URL
+  // - rotate (k1 + h): burns the input, mints at h for its full value
+  // - split (k1... + amount + h + h2): carves amount off the inputs' total,
+  //   minting h for it and h2 for the change
+  // - merge (k1... + h): burns all inputs, mints h for their total
+  // Every minted output's signature rides in the response (sig / sig2), and
+  // a mutation naming an unknown or burned input is refused like a real
+  // mint's. A byte-identical replay gets the same success - the mutations
+  // are deterministic in their inputs, so the replayed answer re-derives
+  // the same signatures.
+  async mockMutationEndpoint(origin = MINT_ORIGIN): Promise<void> {
+    await this.mockVerify(origin);
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(origin + CALLBACK_PATH)}\\?`),
      async (route: Route) => {
-        await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'OK' });
+        const url = new URL(route.request().url());
+        const k1s = url.searchParams.getAll('k1');
+        if (k1s.some((k1) => !/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/i.test(k1))) {
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note not found' });
+          return;
+        }
+        const pr = url.searchParams.get('pr');
+        const h = url.searchParams.get('h');
+        const h2 = url.searchParams.get('h2');
+        const amountRaw = url.searchParams.get('amount');
+        const inputIds = k1s.map((k1) => hashK1(k1));
+        const lookup = (id: string): number | 'unknown' | 'burned' => {
+          const key = this.noteKey(origin, id);
+          if (this.burned.has(key)) return 'burned';
+          return this.outstanding.get(key) ?? 'unknown';
+        };
+
+        // melt: the note burns once the payment settles; the mock answers
+        // OK (payment in flight) and the verify endpoint reports it settled
+        if (pr !== null) {
+          for (const id of inputIds) {
+            const state = lookup(id);
+            if (state === 'burned') {
+              await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note is spent' });
+              return;
+            }
+            if (state === 'unknown') {
+              await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note not found' });
+              return;
+            }
+          }
+          this.remint(origin, inputIds, []);
+          const paid = this.settledInvoices.get(origin) ?? [];
+          paid.push(pr);
+          this.settledInvoices.set(origin, paid);
+          await fulfillJson(route, {
+            status: 'OK',
+            verify: `${origin}/verify?pr=${encodeURIComponent(pr)}`,
+          });
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // every other mutation mints outputs whose signatures the wallet
+        // must be able to verify offline
+        const total = inputIds.reduce((sum, id) => {
+          const state = lookup(id);
+          return typeof state === 'number' ? sum + state : sum;
+        }, 0);
+        for (const id of inputIds) {
+          const state = lookup(id);
+          if (state === 'burned') {
+            await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note is spent' });
+            return;
+          }
+          if (state === 'unknown') {
+            await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note not found' });
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        if (h !== null && h2 !== null && amountRaw !== null) {
+          // split: amount carved off, the rest is change
+          const amountMsat = Number(amountRaw);
+          this.remint(origin, inputIds, [
+            [h, amountMsat],
+            [h2, total - amountMsat],
+          ]);
+          await fulfillJson(route, {
+            status: 'OK',
+            sig: this.sign(origin, h, amountMsat),
+            sig2: this.sign(origin, h2, total - amountMsat),
+          });
+          return;
+        }
+        if (h !== null) {
+          // rotate (one input) or merge (several): full value at h
+          this.remint(origin, inputIds, [[h, total]]);
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'OK', sig: this.sign(origin, h, total) });
+          return;
+        }
+        await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Malformed mutation request' });
      },
    );
  }
@@ -105,7 +312,11 @@ export class MintMocker {
  // nodeCapacityMsat, which is exactly the 0.1.0 spread bug this exercises.
  // The payLink points back at the lnurlp route below, as prepareMint treats
  // it as the authoritative place to read the payRequest from.
-  private async mockMintAddress(options: MockTargetMintOptions, origin: string): Promise<void> {
+  private async mockMintAddress(
+    options: MockTargetMintOptions,
+    origin: string,
+    mintPubkey: string,
+  ): Promise<void> {
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(`${origin}/.well-known/lnurlw/`)}`),
      async (route: Route) => {
@@ -114,7 +325,7 @@ export class MintMocker {
          callback: `${origin}${CALLBACK_PATH}`,
          minWithdrawable: 1000,
          maxWithdrawable: 100_000_000_000,
-          mintPubkey: options.mintPubkey,
+          mintPubkey,
          payLink: `${origin}/.well-known/lnurlp/mint`,
          nodeCapacity: 500_000_000,
          nodeNumChannels: 4,
@@ -127,15 +338,33 @@ export class MintMocker {
  // Everything the target side of a transfer (or a Lightning receive)
  // needs: the mint-address discovery endpoint carrying the mint metadata,
  // the payRequest at the standard mint@ address, the invoice callback, an
-  // immediately-settled verify endpoint revealing the preimage, and the
-  // note info + rotate the claim then performs.
+  // immediately-settled verify endpoint revealing the payment receipt,
+  // and note info at the wallet-chosen committed secret.
  async mockTargetMint(options: MockTargetMintOptions, origin = MINT2_ORIGIN): Promise<void> {
-    await this.mockMintAddress(options, origin);
-    await this.mockNoteInfo(
-      { amountMsat: options.noteAmountMsat, mintPubkey: options.mintPubkey },
-      origin,
+    const mintPubkey = options.mintPubkey ?? this.signingPubkey(origin);
+    let stagedHash: string | null = null;
+    let settled = false;
+    await this.mockMintAddress(options, origin, mintPubkey);
+    await this.mockMutationEndpoint(origin);
+    await this.page.route(
+      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(origin + NOTE_PATH)}\\?`),
+      async (route: Route) => {
+        const k1 = new URL(route.request().url()).searchParams.get('k1') ?? '';
+        if (!/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/i.test(k1) || !settled || hashK1(k1) !== stagedHash) {
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Note not found' });
+          return;
+        }
+        await fulfillJson(route, {
+          tag: 'withdrawRequest',
+          callback: `${origin}${CALLBACK_PATH}`,
+          k1,
+          minWithdrawable: options.noteAmountMsat,
+          maxWithdrawable: options.noteAmountMsat,
+          defaultDescription: 'mock minted note',
+          mintPubkey,
+        });
+      },
    );
-    await this.mockRotateOk(origin);
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(`${origin}/.well-known/lnurlp/`)}`),
      async (route: Route) => {
@@ -144,6 +373,7 @@ export class MintMocker {
          callback: `${origin}/pay`,
          minSendable: 1000,
          maxSendable: 100_000_000_000,
+          commentAllowed: 64,
          withdrawLink: `${origin}${NOTE_PATH}`,
          metadata: options.mintFeeMetadata ?? '[]',
        });
@@ -152,18 +382,38 @@ export class MintMocker {
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(`${origin}/pay`)}\\?`),
      async (route: Route) => {
+        const request = new URL(route.request().url());
+        const comment = request.searchParams.get('comment');
+        const commitment = request.searchParams.get('h');
+        if (!comment || !/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/i.test(comment) || commitment !== comment) {
+          await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'ERROR', reason: 'Missing note commitment' });
+          return;
+        }
+        stagedHash = comment.toLowerCase();
        await fulfillJson(route, {
          pr: options.invoice,
          verify: `${origin}/verify`,
        });
      },
    );
+    await this.page.route(
+      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(MINT_ORIGIN + CALLBACK_PATH)}\\?`),
+      async (route: Route) => {
+        const paidInvoice = new URL(route.request().url()).searchParams.get('pr');
+        if (paidInvoice !== options.invoice) {
+          await route.fallback();
+          return;
+        }
+        settled = true;
+        await fulfillJson(route, { status: 'OK' });
+      },
+    );
    await this.page.route(
      new RegExp(`^${escapeRegExp(`${origin}/verify`)}`),
      async (route: Route) => {
        await fulfillJson(route, {
-          settled: true,
-          preimage: options.preimage,
+          settled,
+          ...(settled ? { preimage: options.preimage } : {}),
          pr: options.invoice,
        });
      },
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import { buildNoteUrl, defaultRandomSecret } from 'lnurlcash-kit';
+import { MINT_ORIGIN, NOTE_PATH } from './MintMocker';
+import type { MintMocker } from './MintMocker';

 // Drives onboarding end to end on a fresh browser context: /#/welcome ->
 // "Create wallet" (empty password = stored unencrypted) -> confirm the
@@ -10,3 +14,34 @@ export const createFreshWallet = async (page: Page): Promise<void> => {
  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Continue' }).click();
  await page.waitForURL(/#\/$/);
 };
+
+// Give a fresh wallet one verified, spendable note at the mock mint: the
+// mock answers the note's informational GET and signs every mutation, and
+// the receive's first-contact trust prompt is confirmed, pinning the mint's
+// signing key so the wallet can verify what this mint mints.
+export const fundMockMintWallet = async (
+  page: Page,
+  mint: MintMocker,
+  amountMsat: number,
+): Promise<void> => {
+  await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat });
+  await mint.mockMutationEndpoint();
+  await createFreshWallet(page);
+
+  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' }).click();
+  const chooser = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Paste or scan a note' });
+  await chooser.getByRole('button', { name: 'Bearer note' }).click();
+  const dialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Receive bearer note' });
+  await dialog
+    .locator('textarea')
+    .fill(buildNoteUrl(`${MINT_ORIGIN}${NOTE_PATH}`, defaultRandomSecret(), amountMsat));
+  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive', exact: true }).click();
+  await expect(dialog.getByText(`Received ${Math.floor(amountMsat / 1000)} sats`)).toBeVisible();
+  // the note advertises the mint's key, so the first-contact trust prompt
+  // opens as its own dialog - trust it (that also pins the signing key)
+  await page
+    .locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'New mint' })
+    .getByRole('button', { name: 'Trust this mint' })
+    .click();
+  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Done' }).click();
+};
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import { test, expect } from '../fixtures';
 import { createFreshWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';
+import { bytesToHex } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';
+import { sha256 } from '@noble/hashes/sha2.js';
+import { utf8ToBytes } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';
+import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1.js';

 // M4 backup & security surfaces. No real WebAuthn: headless Chromium has no
 // platform authenticator, so the security page is asserted in its honest
@@ -12,6 +16,72 @@ const VALID_PHRASE =
 const readSettings = async (page: import('@playwright/test').Page) =>
  JSON.parse((await page.evaluate(() => localStorage.getItem('sattle_settings'))) ?? '{}');

+// A v2 encrypted wallet-material record built with the app's own wrap
+// (keys.ts/passwordWrap.ts: PBKDF2-SHA256 210k -> AES-GCM), for specs that
+// need a saved, locked wallet without driving the onboarding UI.
+const PASSWORD = 'correct horse battery staple';
+const PBKDF2_ITERATIONS = 210_000;
+
+const encryptedWalletMaterialRecord = async (
+  password: string,
+): Promise<{
+  enc: true;
+  salt: string;
+  iv: string;
+  ciphertext: string;
+  materialHash: string;
+  ownerId: string;
+  version: 2;
+}> => {
+  const linkingKeyHex = '07'.repeat(32);
+  const material = {
+    version: 2,
+    linkingKeyHex,
+    cashRootHex: '08'.repeat(64),
+  };
+  const serialized = JSON.stringify(material);
+  const salt = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
+  const iv = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(12));
+  const baseKey = await crypto.subtle.importKey(
+    'raw',
+    new TextEncoder().encode(password),
+    'PBKDF2',
+    false,
+    ['deriveKey'],
+  );
+  const aesKey = await crypto.subtle.deriveKey(
+    { name: 'PBKDF2', salt, iterations: PBKDF2_ITERATIONS, hash: 'SHA-256' },
+    baseKey,
+    { name: 'AES-GCM', length: 256 },
+    false,
+    ['encrypt'],
+  );
+  const ciphertext = new Uint8Array(
+    await crypto.subtle.encrypt(
+      { name: 'AES-GCM', iv },
+      aesKey,
+      new TextEncoder().encode(serialized),
+    ),
+  );
+  return {
+    enc: true,
+    salt: bytesToHex(salt),
+    iv: bytesToHex(iv),
+    ciphertext: bytesToHex(ciphertext),
+    materialHash: bytesToHex(sha256(utf8ToBytes(serialized))),
+    ownerId: bytesToHex(secp256k1.getPublicKey(hexToBytesLocal(linkingKeyHex), true)),
+    version: 2,
+  };
+};
+
+const hexToBytesLocal = (hex: string): Uint8Array => {
+  const bytes = new Uint8Array(hex.length / 2);
+  for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 1) {
+    bytes[i] = parseInt(hex.slice(i * 2, i * 2 + 2), 16);
+  }
+  return bytes;
+};
+
 test.describe('Backup page', () => {
  test('renders all sections and exports a JSON backup file', async ({ page }) => {
    await createFreshWallet(page);
@@ -93,19 +163,22 @@ test.describe('Security page', () => {
    });
    await createFreshWallet(page);
    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const saved: unknown = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('sattle_linking_key') ?? '{}');
+      const saved: unknown = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('sattle_wallet_material_v2') ?? '{}');
      if (
        typeof saved !== 'object' ||
        saved === null ||
        !('ownerId' in saved) ||
-        typeof saved.ownerId !== 'string'
+        typeof saved.ownerId !== 'string' ||
+        !('materialHash' in saved) ||
+        typeof saved.materialHash !== 'string'
      ) {
        throw new Error('expected saved wallet owner');
      }
      const wrap = {
        hkdfSalt: '11'.repeat(16),
        iv: '22'.repeat(12),
-        wrappedKey: '33'.repeat(48),
+        materialHash: saved.materialHash,
+        wrappedMaterial: '33'.repeat(48),
        createdAt: 1,
      };
      localStorage.setItem(
@@ -116,14 +189,14 @@ test.describe('Security page', () => {
            credentialId: '44'.repeat(16),
            name: 'Current wallet passkey',
            ownerId: saved.ownerId,
-            version: 1,
+            version: 2,
          },
          {
            ...wrap,
            credentialId: '55'.repeat(16),
            name: 'Foreign wallet passkey',
            ownerId: '0256b328b30c8bf5839e24058747879408bdb36241dc9c2e7c619faa12b2920967',
-            version: 1,
+            version: 2,
          },
        ]),
      );
@@ -137,18 +210,15 @@ test.describe('Security page', () => {
    await expect(page.getByText('Foreign wallet passkey')).toHaveCount(0);
  });

-  test('hides passkey-first unlock for a markerless saved wallet', async ({ page }) => {
-    // Given an encrypted saved key and passkey slot without owner markers
-    await page.addInitScript(() => {
-      localStorage.setItem(
-        'sattle_linking_key',
-        JSON.stringify({
-          enc: true,
-          salt: '11'.repeat(16),
-          iv: '22'.repeat(12),
-          ciphertext: '33'.repeat(48),
-        }),
-      );
+  test('hides passkey-first unlock when no passkey belongs to the saved wallet', async ({
+    page,
+  }) => {
+    // Given an encrypted v2 saved wallet whose only passkey slot belongs to
+    // a DIFFERENT owner (a foreign wallet's residue on the same device)
+    const record = await encryptedWalletMaterialRecord(PASSWORD);
+    await page.addInitScript(
+      ({ storedRecord }) => {
+        localStorage.setItem('sattle_wallet_material_v2', JSON.stringify(storedRecord));
        localStorage.setItem(
          'sattle_passkey_slots',
          JSON.stringify([
@@ -156,17 +226,23 @@ test.describe('Security page', () => {
              credentialId: '44'.repeat(16),
              hkdfSalt: '55'.repeat(16),
              iv: '66'.repeat(12),
-            wrappedKey: '77'.repeat(48),
+              materialHash: '77'.repeat(32),
+              wrappedMaterial: '88'.repeat(48),
              createdAt: 1,
+              ownerId: '0256b328b30c8bf5839e24058747879408bdb36241dc9c2e7c619faa12b2920967',
+              version: 2,
            },
          ]),
        );
-    });
+      },
+      { storedRecord: record },
+    );

    // When the locked wallet renders
    await page.goto('/');

-    // Then passkey-first unlock is unavailable until another owner proof
+    // Then passkey-first unlock is unavailable - the one slot on this
+    // device is not this wallet's
    await expect(page.getByText('Wallet locked')).toBeVisible();
    await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Unlock with passkey' })).toHaveCount(0);
  });
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ const mockSuggestionMint = async (page: Page): Promise<void> => {
      callback: 'https://mint.600.wtf/pay',
      minSendable: 1000,
      maxSendable: 100_000_000_000,
+      commentAllowed: 64,
      withdrawLink: 'https://mint.600.wtf/note',
      metadata: '[]',
    }),
@@ -87,8 +88,8 @@ test.describe('Manage mints', () => {
  test('a mint with held notes cannot be removed', async ({ page, mint }) => {
    // hold a 21-sat note from the mock mint - holding funds locks the mint
    // against removal
-    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: 21_000, mintPubkey: MINT_PUBKEY });
-    await mint.mockRotateOk();
+    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: 21_000 });
+    await mint.mockMutationEndpoint();
    await createFreshWallet(page);

    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' }).click();
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 import { test, expect } from '../fixtures';
 import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
-import { buildNoteUrl, defaultRandomSecret } from 'lnurlcash-kit';
-import { MINT_ORIGIN, MINT2_ORIGIN, NOTE_PATH } from '../helpers/MintMocker';
-import { createFreshWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';
+import { MINT2_ORIGIN } from '../helpers/MintMocker';
+import { createFreshWallet, fundMockMintWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';

 const AMOUNT_MSAT = 50_000; // 50 sats
-const MINT_PUBKEY = `02${'ab'.repeat(32)}`;
-const TARGET_PUBKEY = `03${'cd'.repeat(32)}`;
-// 64 hex chars - a valid preimage (it becomes the claimed note's secret)
+// 64 hex chars - a valid payment receipt, distinct from the claimed note secret
 const PREIMAGE = 'ef'.repeat(32);
 // amount-less by decodeBolt11AmountMsat, so the kit skips its invoice
 // amount cross-check against the requested value
@@ -15,26 +12,7 @@ const INVOICE = 'lnmock1transfer';

 // give the wallet a verified, spendable 50-sat note at the source mint
 const fundSourceMint = async (page: Page, mint: import('../helpers/MintMocker').MintMocker) => {
-  await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT, mintPubkey: MINT_PUBKEY });
-  await mint.mockRotateOk();
-  await createFreshWallet(page);
-
-  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' }).click();
-  const chooser = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Paste or scan a note' });
-  await chooser.getByRole('button', { name: 'Bearer note' }).click();
-  const dialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Receive bearer note' });
-  await dialog
-    .locator('textarea')
-    .fill(buildNoteUrl(`${MINT_ORIGIN}${NOTE_PATH}`, defaultRandomSecret(), AMOUNT_MSAT));
-  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive', exact: true }).click();
-  await expect(dialog.getByText('Received 50 sats')).toBeVisible();
-  // the note advertises a mint key, so the first-contact trust prompt opens
-  // as its own dialog - trust it (that also locks the mint)
-  await page
-    .locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'New mint' })
-    .getByRole('button', { name: 'Trust this mint' })
-    .click();
-  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Done' }).click();
+  await fundMockMintWallet(page, mint, AMOUNT_MSAT);
 };

 // pick an option from a Quasar select identified by its label
@@ -78,7 +56,6 @@ test.describe('Move funds', () => {
    // the target mint advertises a flat 2-sat receive fee (2000 msat, 0 ppm)
    await mint.mockTargetMint(
      {
-        mintPubkey: TARGET_PUBKEY,
        invoice: INVOICE,
        preimage: PREIMAGE,
        noteAmountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT,
@@ -100,11 +77,10 @@ test.describe('Move funds', () => {

  test('a two-mint transfer moves the balance', async ({ page, mint }) => {
    await fundSourceMint(page, mint);
-    // the target mint: hands out the invoice, reports it settled with the
-    // preimage, and answers the claim's note info + rotation
+    // the target mint commits the wallet-chosen secret, hands out the invoice,
+    // and exposes that note only after the source-mint melt pays it
    await mint.mockTargetMint(
      {
-        mintPubkey: TARGET_PUBKEY,
        invoice: INVOICE,
        preimage: PREIMAGE,
        noteAmountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT,
@@ -1,17 +1,34 @@
 import { test, expect } from '../fixtures';
-import { createFreshWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';
+import { createFreshWallet, fundMockMintWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';
+import { hexToBytes } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';
+import { finalizeEvent } from 'nostr-tools/pure';
+import { decrypt as nip04Decrypt, encrypt as nip04Encrypt } from 'nostr-tools/nip04';

 // M5 Nostr Wallet Connect settings surface. No real relay traffic: the one
 // test that runs the service injects a fake transport through the dev-only
 // window hook (stores/nwc.ts) before enabling - every other test stays
 // UI-only with the service off.

+// a Nostr event as the fake transport carries it - the plain JSON shape
+// NIP-47 requests and responses take on the wire
+type WireEvent = {
+  id: string;
+  pubkey: string;
+  kind: number;
+  created_at: number;
+  tags: string[][];
+  content: string;
+  sig: string;
+};
+
 type FakeSub = { closed: boolean; close: () => void };

 declare global {
  interface Window {
    __sattleNwcTest: { setTransport: (transport: unknown) => void };
    __nwcSubs: FakeSub[];
+    __nwcPublished: WireEvent[];
+    __nwcOnEvent?: (event: WireEvent) => void;
  }
 }

@@ -146,4 +163,112 @@ test.describe('NWC settings page', () => {
      .poll(async () => page.evaluate(() => window.__nwcSubs.every((sub) => sub.closed)))
      .toBe(true);
  });
+
+  test('a client pays an invoice and the wallet settles it at the mint', async ({ page, mint }) => {
+    // a funded wallet: 50 sats at the mock mint, its signing key pinned
+    await fundMockMintWallet(page, mint, 50_000);
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('50');
+
+    // create a connection and read its one-time URI: the wallet service
+    // pubkey is the host, the client secret the `secret` param
+    await openNwcPage(page);
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Create connection' }).click();
+    const uri = (await page.locator('.nwc-connection-string').textContent())?.trim();
+    expect(uri).toBeTruthy();
+    if (!uri) throw new Error('Expected the one-time NWC connection string.');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: "Done - I've saved it" }).click();
+    const connectionUrl = new URL(uri);
+    const walletServicePubkey = connectionUrl.host;
+    const clientSecret = connectionUrl.searchParams.get('secret') ?? '';
+
+    // a fake transport that captures the request handler and every
+    // published event, installed before the service starts
+    await page.evaluate(() => {
+      window.__nwcSubs = [];
+      window.__nwcPublished = [];
+      window.__sattleNwcTest.setTransport({
+        publish: (_relays: string[], event: WireEvent) => {
+          window.__nwcPublished.push(event);
+          return Promise.resolve();
+        },
+        subscribe: (_relays: string[], _filter: unknown, onEvent: (event: WireEvent) => void) => {
+          window.__nwcOnEvent = onEvent;
+          const sub: FakeSub = {
+            closed: false,
+            close() {
+              this.closed = true;
+            },
+          };
+          window.__nwcSubs.push(sub);
+          return sub;
+        },
+      });
+    });
+    await page.locator('.q-toggle[aria-label="Enable Nostr Wallet Connect"]').click();
+    await expect(page.getByText('Service running', { exact: false })).toBeVisible();
+    await expect.poll(async () => page.evaluate(() => typeof window.__nwcOnEvent)).toBe('function');
+
+    // a 21-sat invoice the mint will settle; the request is exactly what a
+    // NIP-47 client sends: kind 23194, NIP-04 encrypted to the service,
+    // schnorr-signed by the connection's client secret
+    const invoice = 'lnbc210n1pjqrstuvwxyz';
+    const content = await nip04Encrypt(
+      clientSecret,
+      walletServicePubkey,
+      JSON.stringify({ method: 'pay_invoice', params: { invoice } }),
+    );
+    const request = finalizeEvent(
+      {
+        kind: 23194,
+        created_at: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
+        tags: [
+          ['p', walletServicePubkey],
+          ['encryption', 'nip04'],
+        ],
+        content,
+      },
+      hexToBytes(clientSecret),
+    );
+    await page.evaluate((event) => window.__nwcOnEvent?.(event), request);
+
+    // the service pays and answers on the same scheme
+    await expect
+      .poll(async () =>
+        page.evaluate(
+          (id) =>
+            window.__nwcPublished.find(
+              (event) =>
+                event.kind === 23195 && event.tags.some((tag) => tag[0] === 'e' && tag[1] === id),
+            ) ?? null,
+          request.id,
+        ),
+      )
+      .not.toBeNull();
+    const responseEvent = await page.evaluate(
+      (id) =>
+        window.__nwcPublished.find(
+          (event) =>
+            event.kind === 23195 && event.tags.some((tag) => tag[0] === 'e' && tag[1] === id),
+        ) ?? null,
+      request.id,
+    );
+    if (!responseEvent) throw new Error('the service published no response');
+    const response: unknown = JSON.parse(
+      await nip04Decrypt(clientSecret, walletServicePubkey, responseEvent.content),
+    );
+    if (typeof response !== 'object' || response === null) {
+      throw new Error('the service response is not an object');
+    }
+    const result = response as { result_type?: unknown; error?: unknown; result?: unknown };
+    expect(result.result_type).toBe('pay_invoice');
+    expect(result.error).toBeNull();
+    // the receipt is the melt's payment preimage from the mint's own
+    // settle proof - 64 hex chars, never a note secret
+    const payload = result.result as { preimage?: unknown };
+    expect(payload.preimage).toMatch(/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/);
+
+    // the wallet paid 21 of its 50 sats; the change stays in the wallet
+    await page.goto('/#/');
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('29');
+  });
 });
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import { MINT_ORIGIN, NOTE_PATH } from '../helpers/MintMocker';
 import { createFreshWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';

 const AMOUNT_MSAT = 21_000; // 21 sats
-const MINT_PUBKEY = `02${'aa'.repeat(32)}`;

 // a syntactically valid bearer note against the mock mint - the k1 is a
 // fresh random secret, so every test redeems a distinct note
@@ -26,7 +25,7 @@ const redeemNote = async (page: Page, noteUrl: string): Promise<void> => {
 test.describe('Receive bearer note', () => {
  test('redeeming a valid note updates the balance', async ({ page, mint }) => {
    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT });
-    await mint.mockRotateOk();
+    await mint.mockMutationEndpoint();
    await createFreshWallet(page);

    const dialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Receive bearer note' });
@@ -38,6 +37,18 @@ test.describe('Receive bearer note', () => {
    // were really consumed (the kit bug this guards against silently fell
    // back to the declared amount without any request)
    await expect(dialog.locator('.q-banner')).toHaveCount(0);
+    // the mint signed the rotation's output (LUD-25) - the wallet's
+    // requireSignatures policy accepted a signed answer, not a rescue
+    expect(
+      mint.signaturesIssued.some(
+        (entry) => entry.origin === MINT_ORIGIN && entry.amountMsat === AMOUNT_MSAT,
+      ),
+    ).toBe(true);
+
+    // the note advertised the mint's key, so the first-contact trust prompt
+    // opened - dismiss it, then close the success screen
+    const trustDialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'New mint' });
+    await trustDialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Just this once' }).click();
    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Done' }).click();
    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('21');
  });
@@ -64,8 +75,8 @@ test.describe('Receive bearer note', () => {
    page,
    mint,
  }) => {
-    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT, mintPubkey: MINT_PUBKEY });
-    await mint.mockRotateOk();
+    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT });
+    await mint.mockMutationEndpoint();
    await createFreshWallet(page);
    const receiveDialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Receive bearer note' });
    await redeemNote(page, freshNoteUrl());
@@ -87,8 +98,8 @@ test.describe('Receive bearer note', () => {
    page,
    mint,
  }) => {
-    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT, mintPubkey: MINT_PUBKEY });
-    await mint.mockRotateOk();
+    await mint.mockNoteInfo({ amountMsat: AMOUNT_MSAT });
+    await mint.mockMutationEndpoint();
    await createFreshWallet(page);
    await page.evaluate(() => {
      localStorage.setItem('sattle_trusted_mints', '{"version":1,"ownerId":"malformed"}');
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import { test, expect } from '../fixtures';
+import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
+import {
+  fromBech32Lnurl,
+  noteDeclaredAmount,
+  noteK1,
+  noteSignature,
+  verifyNoteSignature,
+} from 'lnurlcash-kit';
+import { MINT_ORIGIN } from '../helpers/MintMocker';
+import { fundMockMintWallet } from '../helpers/wallet';
+
+const FUNDING_MSAT = 50_000; // 50 sats
+const SEND_MSAT = 21_000; // 21 sats
+
+// give the wallet a verified, spendable 50-sat note at the mock mint, with
+// the mint's signing key pinned through the first-contact trust prompt
+const fundMockMint = async (page: Page, mint: import('../helpers/MintMocker').MintMocker) => {
+  await fundMockMintWallet(page, mint, FUNDING_MSAT);
+  await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('50');
+};
+
+// prepare a note hand-over and read the displayed note off the clipboard
+const prepareNote = async (page: Page, sats: string): Promise<string> => {
+  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Send' }).click();
+  const chooser = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Hand someone a note' });
+  await chooser.getByRole('button', { name: 'Bearer note' }).click();
+  const dialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Send a note' });
+  await dialog.getByLabel('Amount (sats)').fill(sats);
+  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Prepare note' }).click();
+  await expect(dialog.getByText('Tap to reveal')).toBeVisible();
+  await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Copy' }).click();
+  return page.evaluate(() => navigator.clipboard.readText());
+};
+
+test.describe('Send a note', () => {
+  test('a carved note carries a signature that verifies against the mint', async ({
+    page,
+    mint,
+  }) => {
+    await page.context().grantPermissions(['clipboard-read', 'clipboard-write']);
+    await fundMockMint(page, mint);
+
+    // the mint signed the split's two outputs (the carved note and the
+    // change), and the note the dialog hands over carries that signature
+    // in its URL
+    const beforeSend = mint.signaturesIssued.length;
+    const bech32 = await prepareNote(page, '21');
+    const issued = mint.signaturesIssued
+      .slice(beforeSend)
+      .map((entry) => entry.amountMsat)
+      .sort((a, b) => a - b);
+    expect(issued).toEqual([SEND_MSAT, FUNDING_MSAT - SEND_MSAT]);
+    const url = fromBech32Lnurl(bech32.trim());
+    expect(url).not.toBeNull();
+    if (!url) throw new Error('the dialog handed over an undecodable note');
+    const k1 = noteK1(url);
+    const amountMsat = noteDeclaredAmount(url);
+    const signature = noteSignature(url);
+    expect(k1).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(amountMsat).toBe(SEND_MSAT);
+    expect(signature).not.toBeNull();
+    if (!k1 || amountMsat === null || !signature) throw new Error('the note lacks its sig param');
+    // the offline proof verifies against the key the mint advertised and
+    // the wallet pinned - this is what marked the carved note spendable
+    expect(verifyNoteSignature(k1, amountMsat, signature, mint.signingPubkey())).toBe(true);
+
+    // keep the note: nothing was handed over, the balance is untouched
+    const dialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Send a note' });
+    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Keep in wallet' }).click();
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('50');
+  });
+
+  test('outputs the mint signs with a foreign key never become spendable', async ({
+    page,
+    mint,
+  }) => {
+    await page.context().grantPermissions(['clipboard-read', 'clipboard-write']);
+    await fundMockMint(page, mint);
+
+    // the mint's mutations land but are signed by a key it never advertised
+    mint.invalidSignatures = true;
+    const bech32 = await prepareNote(page, '21');
+
+    // the note exists (the split landed mint-side), but its offline proof
+    // verifies against no key this mint publishes
+    const url = fromBech32Lnurl(bech32.trim());
+    if (!url) throw new Error('the dialog handed over an undecodable note');
+    const k1 = noteK1(url);
+    const amountMsat = noteDeclaredAmount(url);
+    const signature = noteSignature(url);
+    if (!k1 || amountMsat === null || !signature) throw new Error('the note lacks its sig param');
+    expect(verifyNoteSignature(k1, amountMsat, signature, mint.signingPubkey())).toBe(false);
+
+    // keep the note: the balance is not corrupted by the bad proof
+    const sendDialog = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Send a note' });
+    await sendDialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Keep in wallet' }).click();
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('50');
+
+    // the carve's outputs stayed unverified, so the wallet refuses to spend
+    // from them - a second preparation fails instead of moving bad notes
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Send' }).click();
+    const chooser = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Hand someone a note' });
+    await chooser.getByRole('button', { name: 'Bearer note' }).click();
+    const retry = page.locator('.q-dialog', { hasText: 'Send a note' });
+    await retry.getByLabel('Amount (sats)').fill('21');
+    await retry.getByRole('button', { name: 'Prepare note' }).click();
+    await expect(
+      retry.locator('.q-banner', { hasText: 'Not enough spendable balance' }),
+    ).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(retry.getByText('Tap to reveal')).toHaveCount(0);
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('50');
+  });
+});
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const addMint = async (page: Page, server: string, mintPubkey: string): Promise<

 const ownerId = async (page: Page): Promise<string | null> =>
  page.evaluate(() => {
-    const raw = localStorage.getItem('sattle_linking_key');
+    const raw = localStorage.getItem('sattle_wallet_material_v2');
    if (raw === null) return null;
    const saved: unknown = JSON.parse(raw);
    if (typeof saved !== 'object' || saved === null || !('ownerId' in saved)) return null;
@@ -1,90 +1,45 @@
-import { bytesToHex } from '@noble/hashes/utils.js';
-import { secp256k1 } from '@noble/curves/secp256k1.js';
-
 import { test, expect } from '../fixtures';

-// Wallet lifecycle in the real browser: a LEGACY (ownerless) encrypted wallet
-// with ownerless passkey/NWC/trust residue must migrate to the proven owner
-// during password unlock - before the NWC service may start - and forgetting
-// the wallet must drain/stop that service and remove every wallet-owned key
-// before a successor wallet can be created without any of the old residue.
-//
-// The legacy encrypted record is produced here with the exact same KDF/wrap
-// the app uses (keys.ts: PBKDF2-SHA256 210k -> AES-GCM), just without the
-// owner marker a current build would stamp.
+// Wallet lifecycle in the real browser: an unsupported LEGACY (alpha)
+// install - the linking-key-only record, the pre-v2 bearer store and their
+// ownerless residue - is never migrated (the cash root is unrecoverable
+// from a linking key), so boot resets the device to the uninstalled state
+// before any route can expose it, and a successor wallet starts without
+// any of the old residue.

-declare global {
-  interface Window {
-    __sattleWalletTest: { state: () => string; forget: () => Promise<void> };
-  }
-}
-
-const PASSWORD = 'correct horse battery staple';
-const LINKING_KEY_HEX = '07'.repeat(32);
-const OWNER_ID = bytesToHex(secp256k1.getPublicKey(hexToBytesLocal(LINKING_KEY_HEX), true));
-const MINT_PUBKEY = '02' + 'aa'.repeat(32);
-
-function hexToBytesLocal(hex: string): Uint8Array {
-  const bytes = new Uint8Array(hex.length / 2);
-  for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 1) {
-    bytes[i] = parseInt(hex.slice(i * 2, i * 2 + 2), 16);
-  }
-  return bytes;
-}
-
-const PBKDF2_ITERATIONS = 210_000;
-
-const legacyEncryptedRecord = async (
-  valueHex: string,
-  password: string,
-): Promise<{ salt: string; iv: string; ciphertext: string }> => {
-  const salt = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
-  const iv = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(12));
-  const baseKey = await crypto.subtle.importKey(
-    'raw',
-    new TextEncoder().encode(password),
-    'PBKDF2',
-    false,
-    ['deriveKey'],
-  );
-  const aesKey = await crypto.subtle.deriveKey(
-    { name: 'PBKDF2', salt, iterations: PBKDF2_ITERATIONS, hash: 'SHA-256' },
-    baseKey,
-    { name: 'AES-GCM', length: 256 },
-    false,
-    ['encrypt'],
-  );
-  const ciphertext = new Uint8Array(
-    await crypto.subtle.encrypt(
-      { name: 'AES-GCM', iv },
-      aesKey,
-      new TextEncoder().encode(valueHex),
-    ),
-  );
-  return { salt: bytesToHex(salt), iv: bytesToHex(iv), ciphertext: bytesToHex(ciphertext) };
-};
-
-const WALLET_KEYS = [
+// every namespace the alpha wallet could have touched
+const LEGACY_KEYS = [
  'sattle_linking_key',
  'sattle_bearers',
-  'sattle_activity',
-  'sattle_settings',
+  'sattle_wallet_material_v2',
  'sattle_passkey_slots',
  'sattle_nwc_connections',
  'sattle_nwc_enabled',
  'sattle_trusted_mints',
  'sattle_biometric_wrap',
+  'sattle_activity',
+  'sattle_settings',
 ] as const;

 test.describe('wallet lifecycle', () => {
-  test('legacy unlock migrates, forget wipes the owner, successor starts clean', async ({
+  test('a legacy alpha install is reset at boot and the successor starts clean', async ({
    page,
  }) => {
-    // Given a legacy encrypted wallet (no owner marker) plus ownerless residue
-    const record = await legacyEncryptedRecord(LINKING_KEY_HEX, PASSWORD);
-    await page.addInitScript(
-      ({ storedRecord, mintPubkey }) => {
-        localStorage.setItem('sattle_linking_key', JSON.stringify({ enc: true, ...storedRecord }));
+    // Given a legacy encrypted linking-key record plus ownerless residue
+    await page.addInitScript(() => {
+      localStorage.setItem(
+        'sattle_linking_key',
+        JSON.stringify({
+          enc: true,
+          salt: '11'.repeat(16),
+          iv: '22'.repeat(12),
+          ciphertext: '33'.repeat(48),
+        }),
+      );
+      localStorage.setItem(
+        'sattle_bearers',
+        JSON.stringify([{ url: 'https://mint.example/note?k1=legacy', amount: 1000 }]),
+      );
      localStorage.setItem(
        'sattle_passkey_slots',
        JSON.stringify([
@@ -112,104 +67,29 @@ test.describe('wallet lifecycle', () => {
      localStorage.setItem('sattle_nwc_enabled', 'true');
      localStorage.setItem(
        'sattle_trusted_mints',
-          JSON.stringify([{ server: 'legacy.example', mintPubkey, addedAt: 1, locked: false }]),
-        );
+        JSON.stringify([
+          {
+            server: 'legacy.example',
+            mintPubkey: `02${'aa'.repeat(32)}`,
+            addedAt: 1,
+            locked: false,
          },
-      { storedRecord: record, mintPubkey: MINT_PUBKEY },
+        ]),
      );
+    });

+    // When the app boots
    await page.goto('/#/');

-    // the unlock screen proves the app boot finished and the dev hooks exist
-    await expect(page.getByText('Wallet locked')).toBeVisible();
-    await expect
-      .poll(async () => page.evaluate(() => typeof window.__sattleNwcTest))
-      .toBe('object');
-
-    // no real relay traffic once the migrated enabled state starts the service
-    await page.evaluate(() => {
-      window.__nwcSubs = [];
-      window.__sattleNwcTest.setTransport({
-        publish: () => Promise.resolve(),
-        subscribe: () => {
-          const sub = {
-            closed: false,
-            close() {
-              this.closed = true;
-            },
-          };
-          window.__nwcSubs.push(sub);
-          return sub;
-        },
-      });
-    });
-
-    // When the holder proves the wallet by password
-    await page.locator('.unlock-card input').fill(PASSWORD);
-    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Unlock', exact: true }).click();
-
-    // Then the wallet unlocks...
-    await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' })).toBeVisible();
-
-    // ...and every legacy namespace was migrated to the proven owner BEFORE
-    // the NWC service could start (the subscriptions below only exist because
-    // the migrated owner-scoped enabled record read true)
-    const migrated = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const field = (storageKey: string, name: string): unknown => {
-        const value: unknown = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(storageKey) ?? 'null');
-        return typeof value === 'object' && value !== null
-          ? Object.entries(value).find(([key]) => key === name)?.[1]
-          : undefined;
-      };
-      const fields = (storageKey: string, name: string): unknown[] => {
-        const value: unknown = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(storageKey) ?? '[]');
-        if (!Array.isArray(value)) return [];
-        return value.map((entry: unknown) =>
-          typeof entry === 'object' && entry !== null
-            ? Object.entries(entry).find(([key]) => key === name)?.[1]
-            : undefined,
-        );
-      };
-      const mints: unknown = field('sattle_trusted_mints', 'mints');
-      return {
-        savedKeyOwner: field('sattle_linking_key', 'ownerId'),
-        passkeyOwners: fields('sattle_passkey_slots', 'ownerId'),
-        nwcEnabledOwner: field('sattle_nwc_enabled', 'ownerId'),
-        nwcEnabled: field('sattle_nwc_enabled', 'enabled'),
-        nwcConnectionOwners: fields('sattle_nwc_connections', 'ownerId'),
-        trustedMintsOwner: field('sattle_trusted_mints', 'ownerId'),
-        trustedMintServers: Array.isArray(mints)
-          ? mints.map((mint: unknown) =>
-              typeof mint === 'object' && mint !== null && 'server' in mint
-                ? mint.server
-                : undefined,
-            )
-          : [],
-      };
-    });
-    expect(migrated.savedKeyOwner).toBe(OWNER_ID);
-    expect(migrated.passkeyOwners).toEqual([OWNER_ID]);
-    expect({ ownerId: migrated.nwcEnabledOwner, enabled: migrated.nwcEnabled }).toEqual({
-      ownerId: OWNER_ID,
-      enabled: true,
-    });
-    expect(migrated.nwcConnectionOwners).toEqual([OWNER_ID]);
-    expect(migrated.trustedMintsOwner).toBe(OWNER_ID);
-    expect(migrated.trustedMintServers).toEqual(['legacy.example']);
-    await expect.poll(async () => page.evaluate(() => window.__nwcSubs.length)).toBeGreaterThan(0);
-
-    // When the wallet is forgotten
-    await page.evaluate(() => window.__sattleWalletTest.forget());
-
-    // Then the app lands on the no-wallet screen, the service is drained
-    // (every subscription closed), and no wallet-owned key remains
+    // Then the alpha reset landed on the uninstalled state - no unlock
+    // surface for a wallet that can never be derived again
    await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Get started' })).toBeVisible();
-    await expect
-      .poll(async () => page.evaluate(() => window.__nwcSubs.every((sub) => sub.closed)))
-      .toBe(true);
+    await expect(page.getByText('Wallet locked')).toHaveCount(0);
+
+    // ...and every namespace the alpha wallet could have touched is gone
    const remaining = await page.evaluate(
      (keys) => keys.filter((key) => localStorage.getItem(key) !== null),
-      [...WALLET_KEYS],
+      [...LEGACY_KEYS],
    );
    expect(remaining).toEqual([]);

@@ -218,25 +98,24 @@ test.describe('wallet lifecycle', () => {
    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Create wallet' }).click();
    await page.locator('.q-checkbox', { hasText: 'I wrote it down' }).click();
    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Continue' }).click();
-    await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' })).toBeVisible();

-    // Then it is a different owner with zero adopted residue
-    const successor = await page.evaluate(() => {
-      const saved: unknown = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('sattle_linking_key') ?? 'null');
-      return {
-        ownerId:
-          typeof saved === 'object' && saved !== null && 'ownerId' in saved
-            ? saved.ownerId
-            : undefined,
-        residueKeys: [
+    // Then it unlocks into a working wallet with zero adopted residue
+    // (settings/activity are the live app's own namespaces - the residue
+    // check covers only the stores a predecessor could have planted)
+    await expect(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Receive' })).toBeVisible();
+    await expect(page.locator('.balance-card .text-h2')).toHaveText('0');
+    const residue = await page.evaluate(
+      (keys) => keys.filter((key) => localStorage.getItem(key) !== null),
+      [
+        'sattle_linking_key',
+        'sattle_bearers',
        'sattle_passkey_slots',
        'sattle_nwc_connections',
        'sattle_nwc_enabled',
        'sattle_trusted_mints',
-        ].filter((key) => localStorage.getItem(key) !== null),
-      };
-    });
-    expect(successor.ownerId).not.toBe(OWNER_ID);
-    expect(successor.residueKeys).toEqual([]);
+        'sattle_biometric_wrap',
+      ],
+    );
+    expect(residue).toEqual([]);
  });
 });